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Pastoraus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie (Stand: 4.10.2006)Pastor (lat.: pastor Hirte) ist der Titel für einen Geistlichen im Gemeindedienst, insbesondere wird er in Norddeutschland verwendet. Entsprechend auch Pastorin. In anderen Gegenden ist die Amtsbezeichnung Pfarrer, die ordinierte Theologen mit zwei kirchlichen Examina im kirchlichen Dienst tragen, auch als Titel üblich. Geistliche im Gemeindedienst ohne volle theologische Ausbildung tragen in den Gliedkirchen der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland die Amtsbezeichnung Pfarrverwalter oder Pfarrverwalterin, werden jedoch auch als Pastor oder Pastorin angeredet. Das Wort lässt daher keine Rückschlüsse auf die Ausbildung oder die Konfession zu. Ein Geistlicher ohne Pfarrstelle im Gemeindedienst trägt weiterhin die Dienstbezeichnung Pfarrer, jedoch nicht den Titel Pastor. In Deutschland nennen alle evangelischen Freikirchen ihre Geistlichen Pastor/Pastorin, soweit sie nicht Bischof oder Superintendent sind. In der Schweiz heißen sie Pfarrer/Pfarrerin. Ein katholischer Pastor oder Pfarrer ist ein eigens geweihter Priester. In evangelischen Kirchen gelten alle Gläubigen als Priester (d. h. Person mit direktem Zugang zu Gott und insbesondere der Vollmacht, Sünden zu vergeben; "Priestertum aller Gläubigen"), so dass es hier natürlich keine eigene Priesterweihe gibt. In manchen Gegenden der Eifel, des Westerwalds und des Sauerlands wird im Dialekt zwischen dem auf der ersten Silbe betonten (evangelischen) P'astor und dem auf der zweiten Silbe betonten katholischen Past'or (gesprochen: Past'ur) unterschieden. Direkt zum aktuellen Eintrag pastor in der Wikipedia:
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastor PastorFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (as of October 4, 2006)A pastor is the head minister or priest of a Christian church. The word itself is derived from the Latin word pastōr which means shepherd.
OriginThe usage of pastor comes from its use in the Bible. In the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament), the Hebrew word רעה (ra`ah) is used. The word is used 173 times, and is used to describe feeding sheep like in Genesis 29:7 and also in regards to human beings like in Jeremiah 3:15, "And I will give you pastors according to mine heart, which shall feed you with knowledge and understanding" (KJV). [1] In the New Testament, the Greek word ποιμην (poimēn) is used and is normally translated pastor or shepherd. The word is used 18 times in the New Testament. For example, Ephesians 4:11, "And He gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers" (KJV). Jesus also called himself the "Good Shepherd" in John 10:11. [2] New Testament writers seemed to use pastor as a synonym for the office of church elder (presbuteros) or Bishop (episkopos). For example, in Acts 20:17, the Apostle Paul summons the elders of the church in Ephesus to give a last discourse to them; in the process, in Acts 20:28, he tells them that the Holy Spirit has made them bishops, and that their job is to pastor their church. Peter uses much the same language in 1 Peter 5:1-2, telling the elders among his readers that they are to pastor the flock in their charge, acting as bishops. Paul also gives a list of characteristics that men serving in this office ought to possess. In 1 Timothy 3:1-7, Paul gives a list for those serving as bishops. In Titus 1:5-9, a remarkably similar list is given, this time directed to elders, also referred to in 1:7 as bishops. According to many scholars, the practice of separating the offices of pastor and bishop did not originate until at least the 2nd century. At this time, single bishops (as opposed to the body of bishops, or elders, that churches had in the 1st century) began to oversee an entire city's group of believers, even if they met in different locations around the city.[3] By the 3rd and 4th century, some of the most prominent cities' bishops began exercising control over an entire region of churches, in the familiar parish or diocese arrangement of many Christian groups today.[4] Historical usageAround 400 AD, Augustine, a famous North African bishop, described a pastor's job:
Current usage"At present the pastor is still blessing his flock in the Jordan River: Tapping the believers on the head before sending them into the hallowed waters to be baptized."[6] In ProtestantismMany Protestants use the term pastor as a title (e.g., Pastor Smith) or as a job title (like Senior Pastor or Worship Pastor). This usage is particularly common among Protestants who believe in the priesthood of all believers, and, therefore, they reject the use of the term priest for their leaders. Such denominations include the Lutherans, Mennonites, Methodists, Presbyterians, Reformed tradition churches, and Baptists. The use of the term pastor to refer to the common Protestant office of modern times dates to the days of John Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli. Both men, and other Reformers seem to have revived the term to replace the Catholic priest in the minds of their followers, although the Pastor was still considered separate from the board of presbyters. Few Protestant groups today still view the pastor, bishop, and elder as synonomous terms or offices; many who do are descended from the Restoration Movement in America during the 1800s, such as the Disciples of Christ and the Churches of Christ. In other traditionsCatholic, Orthodox, and Anglican churches typically refer to their leaders as priests (although the term pastor may also be used, particularly in North America). In a Catholic parish large enough to have more than one priest, only one of them will bear the title of pastor. This person will be the head of the parish. Anglican churches rarely use the term "pastor", preferring the words rector and vicar. See also
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